Byrkovych O.I. PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION OF THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF NATIONAL LIBERATION COMPETITIONS 1917-1921.

DOI: 10.33098/2078-6670.10.22.8-15

Purpose. The aim of the study is to determine the general principles and approaches to the organization of the judiciary and the judiciary during the Ukrainian National Democratic Revolution of 1917-1921, to establish common and different approaches and principles in the organization of the judiciary. Methods. The methodological basis of the study was a combination of principles and methods of scientific knowledge: objectivity, historicism. For the objectivity of the research, a set of general scientific, special-legal, special-historical and philosophical methods of scientific cognition is used. Findings. Following the dynamics and specifics of the formation of the judiciary in the national liberation struggle of 1917-1921, it was established that for the UPR, the Ukrainian State and the Western Ukraine, there are a number of common and different principles. What they have in common is the lack of proper experience in the field of organization of the judicial system in particular, and state power in general; focusing on military justice; declarative nature of the independence of the judiciary. It was remarkable that only in the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic there was more experience in legislative activity, which, together with the reception of Austrian law, led to a clear legislative consolidation of the functions and powers of civil and military courts. Only in the period of the Central Rada and the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic was an attempt made to constitutionalize the judicial system and determine the status of the judiciary. Originality. Based on the analysis of historical and legal aspects of the formation of the judicial system during the liberation struggle of 1917-1921, common and different approaches and principles in the organization of the judicial branch of power were revealed. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal research, preparation of special courses.

Key words: judicial system, judicial proceedings, judicial system, UPR, Ukrainian State, Directory, Western Ukraine.

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